PHL
251 Critical Thinking Entire Course
PHL 251 Critical Thinking Entire
Course
PHL 251 Week 1 Individual Assignment
Nature of Thought Paper
PHL 251 Week 1 DQ 1
Post a 150- to 200-word response to
the following discussion question by clicking on Reply:
What happens if a person gets stuck
at a certain level of thought?
o Feral children
o Einstein
o Brain injury victims
o Others
PHL 251 Week 1 DQ 2
Post a 150- to 200-word response to
the following discussion question by clicking on Reply:
List different ways in which
thinking influences your life. Begin with what can be done without thought and
move through a hierarchy of basic to complex uses of thoughts.
o Start with basic functions, such
as breathing.
o Explore thinking in terms of wants
versus needs.
o Discuss the higher orders of
thought like applications of concepts and theories to real-world situations.
PHL 251 Week 2 Individual Assignment
Creative Thinking Paper
Resources: Creative Thinking and
Natural/Mental Orders Worksheet, found on your student Web site; Activity 7.1,
located in Ch. 7 of Thinking, for examples on how to create metaphors; and Ch.
8 of Thinking
Construct as many metaphors as you
can about five different things that describe any aspect of your life, such as
someone you know, something you do, someplace you have been, or anything else.
Include a minimum of four metaphors for each person, subject, or object.
Organize one set of information
using natural ordering and a different set of information using mental orders
in the second portion of the worksheet.
PHL 251 Week 2 DQ 1
Post a 150- to 200-word response to
the following discussion question by clicking on Reply:
What are the processes we use to
organize information? What are natural orders? What are mental orders? Is
there a connection between the two different ordering processes? Why or why
not?
PHL 251 Week 2 DQ 2
Post a 150- to 200-word response to
the following discussion question by clicking on Reply:
How can a metaphor affect a person’s
emotions? Explain how the language used influences the interpretation of the
metaphor.
PHL 251 Week 3 Individual Assignment
Logical Thinking Worksheet
Logical Thinking Worksheet
Use the following questions to guide
you through your exploration of logical thinking and arguments. Answer the
questions as completely as possible, and provide examples where needed.
- What is a logical argument?
- When and how do we use them?
- What parts do they contain?
Syllogism
- What makes something a syllogism?
- Why do people use syllogisms?
- How do people create syllogisms?
- Construct a syllogism. Label its parts.
Deductive Argument
- What makes an argument deductive?
- Why do people use deduction?
- How do people create them?
- Construct a deductive argument. Label its parts
Inductive Arguments
- What makes an argument inductive?
- Why do people use induction?
- How do people create inductive arguments?
- Create an inductive argument. Label its parts.
Evaluate these arguments:
- Ten women can do a piece of work ten times as quickly
as one man. One woman can
clean a room in ten seconds;
therefore, ten women can clean a room in one second.
- There are 16 cans on the top-shelf of the pantry, and
10 on the lower shelf of the pantry. There are no cans anywhere else in my
pantry. Therefore, there are 26 cans in the pantry.
- I have seen many children with red hair misbehave;
therefore, all children with red hair misbehave.
PHL 251 Week 3 DQ 1
Post a 150- to 200-word response to
the following discussion question by clicking on Reply:
What is the basic structure of an
argument in the context of critical thinking? How can you identify the parts or
elements of an argument?
PHL 251 Week 3 DQ 2
Post a 150- to 200-word response to
the following discussion question by clicking on Reply:
What are the elements of a
syllogism? What role does a syllogism play in persuasion? Explain the
difference between truth and validity in a syllogism. How can a syllogism be
valid even if it is not true?
PHL 251 Week 4 Team Assignment
Evaluate Creative Thinking
Resources: Individual assignments
from Week Two and Ch. 13 of Thinking
Write a combined paper from the
individual team member notes of week 3 (total word count should be no more than
500 words for the entire paper) in which you evaluate your team member’s
metaphors according to the criteria listed in Week Three Learning Team
Instructions.
o Refer to the questions
in Ch. 13: “Testing Against our Thinking Bases,” in order to understand these
terms and complete this assignment.
o Perception
o Personal Barriers
o Language
o Feelings
o Creative Thinking
Summarize the team’s summaries and
compile them into one cohesive paper.
Format your paper according to APA
standards.
PHL 251 Week 4 Individual Assignment
Applying Problem Solving Paper
Resources: Ch. 10–12 of the text, personal experiences
Choose two different real-world problems you have
encountered. The problems should be chosen with the intention of applying
persuasive thinking as a solution to one and scientific thinking as a solution
to the other.
Applying Problem Solving
Write a 700- to 1,050-word paper in which you provide the
following:
- A description of each of the problem situations
- An explanation of using persuasive thinking to solve
the first problem
- An explanation of using scientific thinking to solve
the second problem
Summarize the solutions to each problem with a description of
how the solution will solve the problem.
Format your paper consistent with APA guidelines.
PHL 251 Week 4 DQ 1
Post a 150- to 200-word response to
the following discussion question by clicking on Reply:
What role does critical thinking
play in decision making?
PHL 251 Week 4 DQ 2
Post a 150- to 200-word response to
the following discussion question by clicking on Reply:
During a persuasive argument, how
can the needs and concerns of the audience be met while still meeting the
objective of the argument? Provide at least one example.
PHL 251 Week 5 Learning Team
Assignment Problem Solving and Action Presentation
Resources: Ch. 4, 5, 10, 13, 14, & 15 of Thinking; Ch. 10 of Critical Thinking; and the Problem Solving and Action Example located on the student Web site
Prepare a 10- to 15-slide
PowerPoint® presentation with speaker notes in the note section of the
slides according to the following criteria:
o A description of the
problem situation
o A problem-solving
technique
Identification of the technique
Explanation of why the chosen
technique works best for the problem
o Offer a solution to
the problem.
o Reconstruct the
decision-making process you used to come up with the solution.
o What criteria were
used to make the decision?
o Is decision emotional,
logical, or both? Explain your answer.
o Identify the factors
used in the decision-making process.
o Evaluate your
decision.
o Was the decision
logical? Why or why not?
o Did the decision solve
the problem? Why or why not?
o Is there a way to
evaluate the effects of the decision over time? Why or why not?
Format and deliver your presentation
according to instructor directions.
PHL 251 Week 5 DQ 1
Post a 150- to 200-word response to
the following discussion question by clicking on Reply:
Provide an example of a simple
decision you recently made. What were the elements of the decision? What
decision-making process did you use?
PHL 251 Week 5 DQ 2
Post a 150- to 200-word response to
the following discussion question by clicking on Reply:
What are some factors that can be
used to measure the effectiveness of a solution obtained through the
decision-making process?
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