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Question 1 of 50
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2.0/ 2.0 Points
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Which of the following is the
best definition of a biome?
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A.A distinct aquatic
ecosystem, surrounded by wetlands and terrestrial upland.
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B.A large distinct terrestrial
region similar climate, soil, organisms, regardless of its global
location.
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C.One of several types of
forests occurring across the globe.
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D.A natural association that
consists of all the populations of different species that live and interact
together within an area at the same time.
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Question 2 of 50
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2.0/ 2.0 Points
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Which set of three parameters
has the MOST effect on biome distributions?
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A.latitude, longitude,
precipitation
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B.precipitation, longitude,
temperature
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C.temperature, latitude,
climate
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D.latitude, precipitation,
temperature
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Question 3 of 50
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2.0/ 2.0 Points
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Which zone of the lake is
indicated by the letter “A” in the diagram shown?
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A.Profundal
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B.Limnetic
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C.Abyssal
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D.Littoral
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Question 4 of 50
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2.0/ 2.0 Points
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Which of the following BEST
defines ecosystem services?
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A.Important environmental
benefits provided by ecosystems
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B.Environmental services that
humans invest in conserving ecosystems
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C.Environmental activities
that are unique to each ecosystem or biome
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D.Economic use of ecosystems
as sinks
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Question 5 of 50
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2.0/ 2.0 Points
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In order for the growth rate to
remain constant what must happen to the birth rate?
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A.It must equal zero
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B.It must decline
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C.It needs to be less than
emigration
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D.It must equal the death rate
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Question 6 of 50
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0.0/ 2.0 Points
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What is the cause of global
human population growth over the last 200 years?
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A.Higher birth rate
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B.Higher fecundity rate
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C.Increase in immigration.
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D.Lower death rate
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Question 7 of 50
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2.0/ 2.0 Points
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What is life expectancy?
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A.Maximum life span that an
individual of a given species could reach.
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B.Number of individuals in a
population that survive in a given year.
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C.Number of years an
individual of a certain age will probably live.
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D.Probability that an
individual will survive infancy.
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Question 8 of 50
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2.0/ 2.0 Points
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Which of the following BEST
describes an urban brownfield?
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A.Vacant house lots that are
overgrown with weeds and vegetation.
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B.Community gardens
established by neighborhood organizations.
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C.Meadows that are earmarked
for industrial development.
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D.Abandoned factories that may
be contaminated from past uses.
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Question 9 of 50
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2.0/ 2.0 Points
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The global distillation effect
occurs when:
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A.certain molecules in the
atmosphere convert solar radiation to heat.
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B.volatile chemicals emitted
in warm areas move to cooler latitudes.
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C.ozone in the upper
atmosphere is destroyed, allowing more UV radiation to reach the planet.
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D.volatile organic compounds
react in the presence of UV radiation to produce ozone.
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Question 10 of 50
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2.0/ 2.0 Points
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Sources of air pollution include
all of the following EXCEPT:
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A.smoke from forest fires
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B.exhaust from tailpipes of
cars
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C.gases released during
volcanic eruptions
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D.no exceptions, all of the
above are sources of air pollution.
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Question 11 of 50
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2.0/ 2.0 Points
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Why is industrial smog usually
worse in the winter?
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A.Cold temperatures prevent
the dissipation of pollutants.
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B.Heat domes form, holding
pollutants close to the ground.
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C.Pollutants react with ice
crystals, forming ozone.
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D.Combustion of household
fuels is higher.
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Question 12 of 50
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2.0/ 2.0 Points
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What has been the major success
of the Clean Air Act?
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A.Higher fuel efficiencies in
cars and power plants.
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B.An increased focus on
alternative sustainable energy sources.
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C.Significant decreases in
emissions of nitrogen oxides.
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D.Significantly less air
pollution.
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Question 13 of 50
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2.0/ 2.0 Points
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You are travelling as part of a
work assignment and your plane crashes. You are able to climb up to a ridge
top and get a cellphone signal. You describe your surroundings to the
operator: “I have travelled through wet boggy areas and I am worried about
hypothermia. The tallest plant I saw was less than a foot. There are no
trees in sight and the only animals I have seen are lemmings, rabbits, and
swarms of mosquitos.” What biome are you most likely in?
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A.grassland
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B.tundra
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C.tropical rainforest
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D.temperate rainforest
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Question 14 of 50
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2.0/ 2.0 Points
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You have been hired to research
suggest solutions to the problem of urban sprawl in your local area of the
United States. Using Portland, Oregon as a model, what should you suggest?
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A.Compact development which
includes multiple unit residential buildings.
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B.Development of suburbs as
opposed to urban brownfields which are environmentally contaminated.
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C.Public transportation that
is convenient and connects people with shopping and employment.
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D.A and C
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E.All of the above.
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Question 15 of 50
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2.0/ 2.0 Points
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A survey of toxic PCBs in breast
milk of women from the Yukon shows geographic variation. Northern areas are
less populated but breast milk samples show higher levels of PCBs than
southern areas that are more urban. What would be the most reasonable
hypothesis based on what scientists know about air pollution?
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A.Global distillation effect
is responsible for the difference in PCB levels.
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B.Chemical concentration in
fat occurs at greater rates of PCBs in Inuit women due to genetics.
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C.Regulations on air pollution
are stricter in southern urban areas of the Yukon leading to the
difference in PCB levels.
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D.Chemicals from factories
enter the air in colder climates and move to warmer latitudes causing the
difference in PCB.
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Question 16 of 50
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2.0/ 2.0 Points
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Biologists who study plants
growing high in the Alps found that plants adapted to cold-mountain
conditions migrated up the peaks as fast as 3.7 m per decade apparently in
response to global warming. Assuming the same trend continues at the same
rate and the plants are currently at 1028m, at what altitude should the
plants be found in 20 years?
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A.1031.7
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B.1035.4m
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C.1074m
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D.They would not be found
since they have been pushed to extinction.
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Question 17 of 50
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2.0/ 2.0 Points
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What is a rain shadow?
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A.The silhouette of mountains
as the sun passes from east to west.
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B.The shade on the ground
produced by clouds that threaten rain.
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C.The dry land on the side of
the mountains away from the prevailing wind.
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D.The lessening of a chance of
precipitation on any given day due to dry air at equator.
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Question 18 of 50
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2.0/ 2.0 Points
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What causes ozone depletion?
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A.Flying airplanes especially
at high altitudes.
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B.Combustion of a sulfur
containing fuel like coal.
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C.CFCs leaking from old
refrigerators and air conditioners.
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D.Deforestation especially in
mountainous regions.
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Question 19 of 50
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2.0/ 2.0 Points
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Which of the following is NOT an
effect of acid deposition?
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A.mutations and skin cancer
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B.decreased hatching success
in some birds
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C.forest decline
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D.destruction of monuments and
buildings
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Question 20 of 50
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2.0/ 2.0 Points
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All of the following are
problems associated with overdrawing groundwater EXCEPT:
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A.Land subsidence
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B.Increased infiltration
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C.Lowering of the water table
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D.Aquifer depletion
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Question 21 of 50
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2.0/ 2.0 Points
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What is the structure located at
the Rocky Reach Dam on the Columbia River and shown in the photograph below
designed to do?
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A.It reduces erosion
downstream..
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B.It improves the efficiency
of hydroelectric generation
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C.It slows down water to
decrease sedimentation
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D.It is a fish ladder to help
fishes migrate upstream
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Question 22 of 50
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0.0/ 2.0 Points
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Which of the following pollution
problems are caused by sewage pollution?
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A.Sediments that can reduce
light penetration in water bodies.
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B.Disease causing agents that
pose a risk to human health.
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C.Radioactive substances that
can potentially threaten drinking water.
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D.Carbon dioxide emissions
that contribute to global climate change.
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Question 23 of 50
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2.0/ 2.0 Points
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Wastewater, including sewage
usually undergoes several treatments at a sewage treatment plant. Match the
treatment with the process for expected outcome.
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A.primary treatment:
eliminating inorganic and organic compounds by aerating and circulating
the wastewater.
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B.tertiary treatment:
biologically decomposing suspended organic material.
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C.secondary treatment:
reducing phosphorus and nitrogen levels with a filtering system.
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D.primary treatment: removing
suspended and floating particles by mechanical processes.
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Question 24 of 50
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2.0/ 2.0 Points
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From the figure below interpret
the basic pattern of ocean currents and identify the reason why it is so.
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A.The main ocean current flows
south from the poles toward the equator partly due to the variations in
density of seawater.
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B.The main ocean current flows
clockwise in the Northern Hemisphere and counterclockwise in the Southern
Hemisphere partly due to the ocean conveyor belt.
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C.The main ocean current flow
counterclockwise in the Northern Hemisphere and clockwise in the Southern
Hemisphere partly due to gyres.
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D.The main ocean current flow
clockwise in the Northern Hemisphere and counterclockwise in the Southern
Hemisphere partly due to the Coriolis effect.
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Question 25 of 50
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2.0/ 2.0 Points
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Identify the ocean zone shown in
the figure below that is labeled “A”.
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A.bathyal
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B.euphotic
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C.oceanic
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D.hadal
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Question 26 of 50
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2.0/ 2.0 Points
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What is likely to be the MOST
important global impact of bycatch?
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A.Loss of ocean biodiversity.
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B.Coral bleaching.
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C.Nonpoint source pollution.
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D.Habitat destruction.
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Question 27 of 50
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2.0/ 2.0 Points
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How do many scientists believe
the US can BEST manage our oceans?
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A.By ratifying the U.N.
Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS),
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B.By following an ecosystem
based approach to manage ocean environments.
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C.By switching from deep-sea
fishing to aquaculture to reduce bycatch.
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D.By switching to incentive
based pollution laws to reduce ocean pollution.
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Question 28 of 50
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2.0/ 2.0 Points
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The main cause of undernutrition
is
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A.a shift from eating grains
to eating processed foods.
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B.lack of access to adequate
nutritional guides.
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C.poverty.
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D.the proliferation of
monoculture practices.
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E.unsanitary cooking of food.
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Question 29 of 50
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2.0/ 2.0 Points
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According to the graph below,
U.S. wheat yields
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A.suffered from poor weather
conditions in 1980
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B.benefited from the green
revolution in 2000
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C.remained constant from
1990-2005
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D.doubled from 1950 to 1970
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E.tripled from 1960 to 2005
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Question 30 of 50
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2.0/ 2.0 Points
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The move away from using
techniques that produce high yield and toward methods that focus on
long-term sustainability of the soil is known as
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A.habitat fragmentation.
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B.subsistence agriculture.
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C.industrialized agriculture.
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D.the green revolution.
|
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E.the second green revolution.
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Question 31 of 50
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2.0/ 2.0 Points
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What is a biological control for
pest management?
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A.some members of the pest
population are sterilized
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B.sexual attractants lure pest
species to traps
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C.predators, parasites, or
disease organisms are released to reduce pest populations
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D.harvested foods are exposed
to ionizing radiation
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E.genetic engineering develops
pest-resistant crops
|
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Question 32 of 50
|
2.0/ 2.0 Points
|
The species richness of a
community is related to all of the following factors except
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A.the geological history of
the region.
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B.the geographic isolation of
the community.
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C.the abundance of ecological
niches.
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D.the quality of ecosystem
services.
|
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E.environmental stress.
|
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Question 33 of 50
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2.0/ 2.0 Points
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Which of the illustrated species
below is considered endangered?
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Question 34 of 50
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2.0/ 2.0 Points
|
Which of the following best
describes the goal of restoration ecology?
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A.to provide legal protection
to listed threatened species
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B.to study how humans impact
organisms
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C.to return a human-damaged
ecosystem to its former state
|
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D.to develop strict controls
for the exploitation of endangered species
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E.to produce more natural
ecosystems in urban settings
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Question 35 of 50
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2.0/ 2.0 Points
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Why don’t scientists know the
exact number of species on Earth?
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A.because about 10,000 new
species are identified each year.
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B.because species are becoming
extinct at a rate that is too fast to count
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C.because the system used to
define what constitutes a species keeps changing
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D.because historical records
are inaccurate
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E.Scientists do know. There
are 1.8 million existing species on Earth
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Question 36 of 50
|
2.0/ 2.0 Points
|
Today’s solid waste contains
more ________than in the past, whereas the amounts of glass and steel have
declined.
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A.paper and plastics
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B.food wastes
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C.yard wastes
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D.copper and aluminum
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E.rubber and wood
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Question 37 of 50
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2.0/ 2.0 Points
|
According to the data in Figure
16.8a on page 405 of your textbook, what solid waste was recycled more in
2005 than it was incinerated or disposed of in the landfill? (NOTE: Each
set of bars shows the recycling in millions of tons for 1960, 1970, 1980,
1990, and 2000 [left side]; and 2003, 2004, and 2005 [right side]).
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A.yard trimmings
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B.paper and paperboard
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C.aluminum
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D.glass
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E.none of the waste products
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Question 38 of 50
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2.0/ 2.0 Points
|
A group of 209 industrial
chemicals composed of C, H, and Cl manufactured for cooling fluids,
hydraulic fluids, lubricants, inks, and pesticide extenders are known as
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A.petroleum oils.
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B.inorganic solvents.
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C.heavy metals.
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D.dioxins.
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E.polychlorinated biphenyls
(PCBs).
|
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Question 39 of 50
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2.0/ 2.0 Points
|
Which of the following is an
example of green chemistry?
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A.use bacteria to treat
contaminated soil
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B.use plants to absorb and
accumulate toxic materials from the soil
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C.develop a water-based
solvent to substitute for a chlorinated solvent for industrial cleaning
|
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D.use high-temperature
incineration to detoxify pesticides
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E.prevent chemical accidents
through the principle of inherent safety
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Question 40 of 50
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2.0/ 2.0 Points
|
Corporations and governments
began to take NEPA seriously after which of the following events?
|
A.Environmental groups began
suing individuals and organizations based on environmental impact
statements.
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B.Further legislation was
added to strengthen NEPA.
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C.The creation of the EPA.
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D.The publication of Rachel
Carson’s book Silent Spring.
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Question 41 of 50
|
2.0/ 2.0 Points
|
The ability to meet humanity’s
current needs without compromising the ability of future generations to
meet their needs is termed:
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A.ecology
|
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B.environmental sustainability
|
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C.environmental ethics
|
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D.environmental law
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Question 42 of 50
|
2.0/ 2.0 Points
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What is a species?
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A.Organisms that live
together.
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B.Organisms that live in the
same area at the same time.
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C.A group of similar organisms
whose members freely interbreed with one another.
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D.All of the organisms that
live together in an area including the physical environment that they
live in.
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Question 43 of 50
|
2.0/ 2.0 Points
|
The resource show here can be
classified as: 1. perpetually renewable 2. nonrenewable 3. renewable only
if they are replanted and given time to grow
|
A.a) 1 only
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B.b) 2 only
|
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C.c) 3 only
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D.d) both 1 and 2
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Question 44 of 50
|
2.0/ 2.0 Points
|
Negative environmental impacts
from oil and natural gas production may occur due to
|
A.release of oxides in
combustion emissions.
|
|
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B.accidental spills at
extraction sites and during transport.
|
|
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C.erosion and landslides
during withdrawal of resources.
|
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D.improper storage and
disposal of spent fuel.
|
|
|
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Question 45 of 50
|
2.0/ 2.0 Points
|
What is the BEST definition of
preservation?
|
A.Setting aside land and
natural resources.
|
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B.Careful management of land
and resources.
|
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C.Using land and natural
resources based on current needs.
|
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D.Multiple use management of
land and natural resources.
|
|
|
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Question 46 of 50
|
0.0/ 2.0 Points
|
“An ounce of prevention is worth
a pound of cure.” This statement is the heart of the
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A.remedial principle.
|
|
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B.exposure principle
|
|
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C.persistence principle.
|
|
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D.precautionary principle.
|
|
|
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Question 47 of 50
|
2.0/ 2.0 Points
|
The process of identifying,
assessing, and reducing risk is called:
|
A.risk
|
|
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B.risk assessment
|
|
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C.risk management
|
|
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D.risk categorization
|
|
|
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Question 48 of 50
|
2.0/ 2.0 Points
|
Recommendations for achieving
sustainable living include:
|
A.Eliminate poverty.
|
|
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B.Design sustainable cities.
|
|
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C.Provide adequate food for
all people.
|
|
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D.All these are
recommendations for sustainable living.
|
|
|
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Question 49 of 50
|
2.0/ 2.0 Points
|
Solar thermal energy systems are
inherently more efficient than photovoltaic solar cell systems because
solar thermal systems
|
A.diminish reliance on fossil
fuel systems.
|
|
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B.reduce the potential of
global warming.
|
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C.do not have any moving
parts.
|
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D.concentrate the sun’s
energy.
|
|
|
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Question 50 of 50
|
2.0/ 2.0 Points
|
Which of the following stages
comes LAST in addressing environmental problems?
|
A.Risk analysis
|
|
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B.Political action
|
|
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C.Long-term management and evaluation
|
|
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D.Scientific assessment
|
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